How the AIDS spreads?

 How the AIDS spreads?

1.        By heterosexual or homosexual intercourse. 

2. Transfusion of the blood of an AIDS patient to a normal person.

3.        Mothers suffering from HIV can transmit the disease to her fetus during pregnancy in 30 to 40% of the cases.

4.        By the needle of the injection, syringe and other operative instruments.

5.        If a normal person uses a needle used by an AIDS person, addicted to intravenous drug abuse, the infection can easily spread.

6.        There are many misconceptions that are still prevalent in our society regarding AIDS. For example, AIDS can be transmitted by staying with a patient, shaking hands, playing, eating etc. All these notions are only myths. It is very necessary that an AIDS patient is not isolated but socially accepted with warmth.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Anesthesia and the lung

  Anesthesia and the lung And the Lord God formed man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul  (Genesis 2;7) The concept of breath and soul reverberates through many languages in which spirit and breath share overlapping meanings. For example, in English, to  inspire  can have a physiological or psychological connotation, while to  expire  can mean nothing more than to exhale, or it can describe the moment when your spirit leaves you with your last breath. In anesthesia, we deal with both; on the one hand, the breath that needs to be provided for patients who cannot breathe by themselves and, on the other hand, the spirit – in a larger sense – which we subdue with drugs. Small wonder, then, that the linkage of breath and life gives us awesome responsibilities. In our practice no function is more important than ventilation, and no organ more integral to our practice than the lungs. Failure o...
Read more

Anesthesia Clinical cases abbreviations

  Clinical cases In the following eight cases, we briefly describe anesthetic approaches, issues, and some potential complications. The reader will find many of the points discussed in the first two sections in the management of these cases. An alternative is a problem-oriented approach, namely first to read the cases and then, primed with many questions, delve into the first two sections. Clinical talk teems with acronyms. Some abbreviations used throughout the cases include: ABG: arterial blood gas. ABP: arterial blood pressure (from an invasive arterial catheter). ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme. ACT: activated clotting time. Airway: read the Airway evaluation chapter to understand the examination. aPTT: activated partial thromboplastin time. ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology physical status classification. BIS: bispectral index. BP: blood pressure. BUN: blood urea nitrogen. CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure. CPP: cerebral perfusion pressure. Cr: creatinine. CV:...
Read more

Single-valve system with gas storage - The anesthesia machine

Image
  Single-valve system with gas storage In order to save gas, we can provide for storage of the gas. Well known is the Mapleson system, often used during resuscitation and during transport of a  patient who requires mechanical ventilation.   The system shown in Fig.  8.3 is properly called a Mapleson  D  (as there are different arrangements lettered A through F). Figure  8.4 shows the real thing. It is light and deceptively simple. To prevent rebreathing of exhaled carbon dioxide requires a relatively high fresh gas flow, both to meet inspiratory demand and to wash exhaled CO 2  out of the tubing. Here, the excess gas escapes through an adjustable one-way (pop-off ) valve that prevents entrainment of room air. The pressure required to open the spring-loaded valve can be varied, enabling us to generate enough pressure (by squeezing the bag) to inflate the patient’s lungs. Slow respiratory rates help because, during a long pause between inspirat...
Read more